Kandungan Nutrisi, Aktivitas Penghambatan ACE dan Antioksidan Hemibagrus nemurus Asal Waduk Cirata, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstrak

Kandungan nutrisi dan aktivitas biologis ikan baung (Hemibagrus nemurus) ditentukan oleh kondisi lingkungan dan ketersediaan sumber makanannya. Ikan baung yang dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat sebagai sumber protein dapat ditemukan di habitat aslinya dan lingkungan budidaya dalam karamba jaring apung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kandungan nutrisi dan aktivitas biologis ikan baung asal Waduk Cirata sebagai penghambat enzim pengubah angiotensin (ACE inhibitor) dan antioksidan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar protein dan kadar abu ikan baung hasil budidaya maupun alam tidak berbeda nyata, sedangkan kadar lemak ikan baung hasil tangkapan alam jauh lebih tinggi dibanding kadar lemak hasil budidaya. Kadar mineral makro dan mikro menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan pada kadar K (budidaya 313,04±14,84 mg/100g; alam 457,33±7,50 mg/100g) dan Ca (budidaya 29,15±1,06 mg/100g; alam 42,13±0,85 mg/100g). Mineral mikro didominasi oleh Zn sebesar 0,42±0,04 mg/100g (budidaya) dan 0,44±0,02 mg/100g (alam). Asam amino esensial (AAE) yang dominan yaitu lisin sebesar 7,70±0,97 mg/g (budidaya) dan fenilalanin sebesar 0,80±0,26 mg/g (alam), sedangkan asam amino non esensial (AANE) yang utama pada populasi budidaya adalah alo iso-leusin sebesar 13,77±0,23 mg/g dan prolin 1,79±0,70 mg/g (alam). Rasio AAE/AANE populasi budidaya memiliki nilai sebesar 0,83 dan alam sebesar 0,54. Aktivitas biologi ikan baung menunjukkan nilai aktivitas antioksidan pada populasi budidaya sebesar 0,16±0,02 µmol Fe2+/g dan alam sebesar 0,09 µmol Fe2+/g berat kering. Sedangkan aktivitas penghambat  ACE menunjukkan nilai penghambatan pada populasi budidaya sebesar 96,18±1.37% dan alam  sebesar 88,76±1,82%. Secara umum, ikan baung dari Waduk Cirata memiliki kandungan gizi dan komposisi kimia yang bagus, begitu juga dengan bioaktivitasnya sebagai penghambat ACE, sehingga berpotensi sebagai bahan baku suplemen kesehatan, khususnya untuk suplemen penghambat ACE.

Nutritional Contents, ACE Inhibitor and Antioxidant Activities of  Hemibagrus nemurusfrom Cirata Reservoir, West Java, Indonesia

Abstract

The nutritional content and biological activities of redtail catfish (Hemibagrus  nemurus) are determined by environmental condition and food sources. Redtail catfish is consumed by peoples as protein source. It can be found in their natural habitat as well as in maricultured-cage system. This study was carried out to determine the nutritional content and biological activity of redtail catfis h from Cirata Reservoir as ACE and antioxidant inhibitor. The result showed the that protein and ash contents of both populations were not significantly different, while fat content of wild population  was much higher than that of cultured. The Mineral content showed  significant difference for K content (cultured 313.04±14.84 mg/100g; wild 457.33±7.50 mg/100g) and Ca content (cultured 29.15±1.06mg/100g; wild 42.13±0.85 mg/100g). The micro minerals were dominated by Zn i.e., 0.42±0.04 mg/100 for cultured and 0.44±0.02 mg/100g for wild fish. The essential amino acids (EAA) were dominated by lysine i.e., 7.70±0.97 for cultured and phenylalanine i.e., 0.80±0.26 mg/g for wild; while the major non-essential amino acids (AANE) were alo iso-leoucine i.e., 13.77±0.23 mg/g (cultured) and proline i.e., 1.79±0.70 mg/g (wild). The EAA/AANE ratio showed that the cultured population was 0.83 and wild was 0.54. The biological activity of redtail catfish showed that the cultured population had antioxidants activity value of 0.16±0.02 µmol Fe2+/g while the wild was 0,09 µmol Fe2+/g. The inhibitory activity of angiotensin in converting enzyme (ACE inhibitory) of wild population was 84.41±1.17% and cultured was 88.76±1.82%. In general redtail catfish from Cirata Reservoir had a complete nutrient content and chemical composition, as well as its bioactivity as ACE inhibitor. So that the fish is very potent for raw material of health supplement, especially for ACE inhibitor supplement